Stankl Mundigraph: January 2004

1 Jan 2004

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OBSERVED AND MODEL CLASSES

Description: The potential for a multi-hazard DRI model is explored here showing differences
between recorded deaths from EM-DAT and deaths calculated using the DRI multi-hazard model.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

RELATIVE VULNERABILITY FOR DROUGHTS, 1980 - 2000

Description:
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

PHYSICAL EXPOSURE TO DROUGHTS, 1980 - 2000

PEOPLE KILLED BY DROUGHT AND FAMINE, 1980 - 2000

Description: A total of 832 544 deaths were associated with the occurrence of droughts worldwide, 1980-2000. The drought conditions affecting sub-Saharan African countries from 1984 to 1985 were associated with the highest drought-related casualties for the period considered in the analysis. Ethiopia, Somalia and Mozambique recorded the most deaths.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

NUMBER OF FIRE INCIDENTS FOR CAPE TOWN MUNICIPALITY, 1990 - 2002

NUMBER OF HOUSES DESTROYED BY FIRE IN ORISSA, 1970–2002

NUMBER OF HOUSES DESTROYED DUE TO DIFFERENT DISASTER EVENTS IN ORISSA, 1970–2002

NUMBER OF DEATHS REPORTED DUE TO DIFFERENT DISASTER EVENTS IN ORISSA, 1970–2002

NUMBER OF HOUSES DESTROYED BY HURRICANE MITCH IN HONDURAS (NATIONAL OBSERVATION AND DEPARTMENTAL RESOLUTION)

RELATIVE VULNERABILITY FOR FLOODS, 1980–2000

Description: Comparing the size of exposed populations with the number of recorded deaths to flood events is used as a measure of relative vulnerability. Those states closest to the top left-hand corner of the graph show highest relative vulnerability.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

PHYSICAL EXPOSURE TO FLOODS, 1980–2000

PEOPLE KILLED BY FLOODS, 1980-2000

Description: About 196 million people in more than 90 countries were found to be exposed on average every year to catastrophic flooding. Some 170 010 deaths were associated with floods worldwide between 1980-2000.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

RELATIVE VULNERABILITY FOR TROPICAL CYCLONES IN SMALL ISLANDS, 1980–2000

Description: This graph shows differences in relative vulnerability between Small Island development States. Haiti is shown to have the highest relative vulnerability, perhaps linked to its small economy, degraded environment and weak institutions of governance. Cuba and Mauritius are the least vulnerable, despite both islands having relatively large proportions of their populations exposed to tropical cyclones. In both cases, though from contrasting political and policy orientations, resources have been made available for early warning, disaster preparedness and evacuation.
The positive results are evident. This also clearly illustrates the influence of human development status on risk.Haiti - the island state most at risk - has low human development, again contrasting with the higher human development countries of Cuba and Mauritius. This does not point to policy implications in itself, but does highlight the close link between development and disaster risk.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

RELATIVE VULNERABILITY FOR TROPICAL CYCLONES, 1980–2000

Description: Comparing the size of exposed populations with the number of recorded deaths to tropical cyclones is used as a measure of relative vulnerability to tropical cyclone death. Those states closest to the top left-hand corner of the graph show highest relative vulnerability. A very large proportion of the population of Bangladesh is exposed to tropical cyclones, particularly the heavily populated rural communities along the fertile delta at the confined head of the Bay of Bengal. The large number of recorded deaths shows that in this case high vulnerability accompanies high physical exposure. Honduras and Nicaragua, while not among the countries with the highest physical exposure, appear as the most vulnerable countries in the period 1980-2000. This reflects the extraordinary magnitude and duration and the devastating human impact of Hurricane Mitch, which occurred in 1998.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

PHYSICAL EXPOSURE TO TROPICAL CYCLONES, 1980–2000

Description: A total of 84 countries distributed over the tropics presented different levels of physical exposure to tropical cyclones. Those countries with the largest exposed populations have highly populated coastal areas and especially densely populated deltas (China, India, the Philippines, Japan, Bangladesh). Expressing exposure as a proportion of national population flagged island states and territories (Guam, the British Virgin Islands, Vanuatu, Mauritius) and the Philippines (a collection of islands).
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

PEOPLE KILLED BY TROPICAL CYCLONES, 1980-2000

Description: A total of 251 384 deaths have been associated with tropical cyclones worldwide, 1980-2000 . Bangladesh accounts for more than 60 percent of the registered deaths in this period while the Philippines show the highest frequency of tropical cyclones with reported deaths.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

RELATIVE VULNERABILITY FOR EARTHQUAKES, 1980–2000

Description: Comparing the size of exposed populations with the number of recorded deaths to earthquake hazard is used as a measure of relative vulnerability. Those states closest to the top left-hand corner of the graph show highest relative vulnerability. The graph represents relative earthquake vulnerability between 1980 and 2000 only. Armenia stands out as being particularly vulnerable to earthquakes due to a single major catastrophic event that occurred during the reporting period. Similarly, earthquakes are rare in Guinea, however a significant event occurred in the reporting period. In contrast, Guatemala appears far less vulnerable because the catastrophic earthquake of 1976 occurred outside of the reporting period. China and Peru are other countries that experienced very high mortality in catastrophic earthquakes during the 1970s and therefore outside of the reporting period. The analysis, however, does show countries, such as the Islamic Republic of Iran, Afghanistan and India, which do experience frequent earthquakes suffering proportionally far higher loss of life than others, such as Chile or the United States of America. The tight fit of countries along an axis from the bottom left to the top right-hand corner indicates intuitively a strong correlation between the number of deaths and physical exposure. In other words, the more people living in areas exposed to earthquake events, the higher the risk of death.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

PHYSICAL EXPOSURE TO EARTHQUAKES, 1980–2000

Description: About 130 million people were found to be exposed on average every year to earthquake risk. The left hand axis of Figure 2.3 shows the fifteen countries with the largest absolute populations exposed to earthquake hazard. Populous Asian states ( Japan, Indonesia and the Philippines) top the list with the Americas (USA, Chile, Mexico), Turkey and India also included. The right hand axis displays the fifteen countries with the highest proportion of their populations exposed to earthquake hazard. Smaller island states (Vanuatu, Guam, Papua New Guinea) and Central American states (Nicaragua, Guatemala) top the list.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

PEOPLE KILLED BY EARTHQUAKES, 1980-2000

Description: A total of 158 551 deaths were associated with earthquakes around the world between 1980-2000. Iran has the highest toll of death for this period, with 47 267 people killed in earthquakes.
About 130 million people were found to be exposed on average every year to earthquake risk.
Published in: Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development - A Global Report.
Copyright © United Nations Development Programme, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2004. All Rights Reserved.

DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND DISASTER DEATHS

TOTAL REGIONAL MORTALITY, DROUGHTS, 1980–2000

TOTAL REGIONAL MORTALITY, FLOODS, 1990–1999

TOTAL REGIONAL MORTALITY, TROPICAL CYCLONES, 1990–1999